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Summary
Scientific research involves the construction
of models that can explain observations that we have made and from these
models suggest hypotheses that can be reversed into null hypotheses and
experimental testing. (Look at figure
1 again). Those explanations that can be accepted as being scientific
are those that stand up to experimentation of this type and when no other
explanations are left that explain our observations better. When somebody
suggests a new model that would explain our observations, we must first
test it against the model that we believe to be currently correct. Only
then can we decide which model is to be rejected as incorrect.
Explanations are only temporarily valid
All explanations can only be temporary. One reason for that is that one can never prove an explanation as being true. Another reason that makes it difficult to describe the sea and its inhabitants and to explain natural phenomena is that there are constant changes
and differences between different places at different times.
What may be considered as being true at one place at a certain time may
not be valid at another place at a different time.
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