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Different types of cultivation
Extensive and intensive are two seperate forms of cultivation. With
extensive cultivation, the fish and other animals and algae
grow at their own rate in ponds, lagoons and lakes without supervision
or feeding, they grow at their own rate and live on the food that
is found naturally in the surrounding waters. Intensive cultivation
is more common in the more industrialized areas of the world
and demands more equipment and mechanization. The cultivated organisms
are fed with products that originate from the agricultural industry
and the sea that have been dried and pressed into pellets in a factory.
Cultivation takes place in large tanks, siloes, cages or netted areas.
Half-intensive cultivation is the most common, where reproduction
is controlled and feeding takes place in enclosed areas, but with
"natural water" resources. These types of cultivation demand
relatively large contributions of manual labour and is more common
in the third world.
It is also necessary to distinguish between monocultural
and polycultural cultivation. Monoculture means that only one organism
is cultivated, whereas polyculture involves cultivating several organisms
simultaneously. Monoculture dominates amongst the intensive forms,
whereas polyculture is common amongst the extensive and half intensive
forms of cultivation.
Integrated cultivation is a polyculture or a cultivation
that is coordinated in some form with neighbouring agriculture, industry
or sewage treatment, or combination of. By coordinating aquaculture
with land based activities can certain slag products, nutrients and
surplus heat be utilized effectively. The integrated cultivating forms
have similarities with processes occurring in the natural ecosystem
and therefore contribute in a positive manner to the surroundings.
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