|
|
|
History
In Asia, the cultivation of carp in freshwater has been going on
for about 4000 years. In Europe the cultivation of fish and mussels
goes as far back as the Roman Empire, 2000 years ago. Fish cultivation
in freshwater has dominated, probably because of the large rom and
larvae are easier to cultivate than saltwater specie with their small
rom and larvae. In the nordic countries, fish cultivation has been
practised since the 17th centuary. Since the beginning of the 20th
centuary, cultivation has also been practised in saltwater. In the
beginning, extensive cultivation dominated and the effects of releasing
fry into the water was hardly noticable. After the second world war,
the techique of large scale cultivation started to spread outside
Asia. The reason for this development had several reasons, amongst
them, the inability of the fishing industry to increase catches because
of overfishing, the introduction of fishing zones and the increase
in global populations. Since the 1960´s, fish cultivation has
expanded greatly and cultivation in neted enclosures dominates amongst
the industrialized nations.
Even the cultivation of molluscs, i.e. blue
mussel and oyster,
has its origins in Asia. Blue mussel shells have been found at a 5000
year old settlement at Rottjärnslid in the west of Sweden, but
it is not known if the mussels were used for food or as bait. Swedish
experiments in the cultivation of blue mussels started in 1970.
Oyster
|
